First, the classification of pumps
More generally pump to pump the structure and role of the principle of classification, and sometimes according to the needs of the
department, purpose, power, type and pump hydraulic performance classification.
(1) according to the user departments, sub-pumps used in agriculture (farm pumps), work with the pump (industrial pumps), and special
pump.
(2) pump, sand pump, slurry pump, sewage pump, dirt pumps, well pumps, submersible pumps, sprinkler pumps, domestic pumps, fire pumps
and other zoning.
(3) divided the manual pump, animal pump, treadle pumps, wind pumps, solar water pumps, electric pumps, motor pumps, turbine pump, the
internal combustion pump, water hammer pump and other power types.
(4) divided by the working principle of centrifugal pump, pump, pump, vortex pump, jet pump, positive displacement pumps (screw pumps,
piston pumps, diaphragm), chain pumps, electromagnetic pumps, liquid ring pump.
Second, the pump works
(A) working principle and characteristics of centrifugal pumps
1, the centrifugal pump works
Before the start of the pump, the first pump and the inlet pipe filled with water, pump operation, the role of the centrifugal force
generated in the high-speed rotating impeller, the impeller the Daoli the water left behind relative to four weeks, pressed into the
volute, the impeller inlet to form a vacuum. pool of water in the outside world atmospheric pressure along the suction tube are inhaled
complement this space. Then inhaled water was thrown by the impeller to volute and enter the outlet pipe. Thus, the centrifugal pump
impeller continues to rotate, can be continuous absorbent, water pressure, water can be a steady stream to the height or the distance
from the lower Yang. In summary, the centrifugal pump is in the role of the centrifugal force generated by the high-speed rotation of
the impeller, the water relative to the height, it is known as the centrifugal pump.
2, the general characteristics of centrifugal pumps
(1) water along the direction of a centrifugal pump through the inhalation along the impeller axis, perpendicular to the axial outflow,
that is out of the direction of flow into each other 90 °.
(2) the formation of vacuum suction centrifugal pumps rely on the impeller, it must be relative to the pump before starting the suction
tube perfusion diversion, or use the vacuum pump to exhaust air to form a vacuum, and the pump casing and suction pipe must be tightly
sealed, shall not leak, or do not form a vacuum, it sucked Sheung Shui to.
(3) of the impeller can not become an absolute vacuum, centrifugal pump water absorption height of not more than 10 meters, with water
flowing through the absorbent piping loss along the way, and actually allow the installation height (the height of the pump axis away
from the suction surface of the water) is much 10 meters. Such as the installation is too high, not absorbent; In addition, because the
mountain than plain low atmospheric pressure, so the same water pump in the mountains, especially the installation of the high mountain,
the installation height should be reduced, otherwise it can not suck the Sheung Shui.
(B) working principle and characteristics of axial flow pump
An axial flow pump works
The axial flow and centrifugal pump works, it is mainly the use of high-speed rotation of the impeller, the thrust generated by carrying
water. The lift generated by the axial flow rotating blades on the water, the water from the bottom to push to the top.
The axial flow blades are generally submerged in the pool, the water being sucked. Due to a high-speed rotation of the impeller, the
blade lift under continuous water upward push, so that the water along the outlet pipe. Impeller rotation, the water will be
continuously pumped to a height.
2, the general characteristics of axial flow pump
(1) water in the direction of axial flow pump flows through along the impeller shaft inhalation, the shaft relative to outflow, so
called axial flow pump.
(2) Head (1 ~ 13 m), flow, high efficiency, suitable for the irrigation and drainage of the plains, lake, river area.
(3) before starting without irrigation, simple operation.
(C) of the working principle and characteristics of the mixed-flow pump
A mixed flow pump works
Between the mixed flow pump impeller shape between the centrifugal pump impeller and the axial flow impeller mixed flow pump works both
centrifugal force another lift, rely on both the combined effect of the water while forming a certain angle with the axis outflow
impeller through the volute chamber, and pipe water to mention upward.
2, Francis jumped the general characteristics of
(1) mixed flow pumps and centrifugal pumps, lift the lower, larger flow compared with the axial flow pump, lift higher, lower traffic.
Applicable to the plain, Lakes drainage and irrigation.
(2) Water flows through the direction along the mixed-flow pump impeller shaft at an angle to the inhalation and outflow, it is also
known as mixed flow pump.
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