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The hydraulic motor is customary to refer to the output rotary motion of the hydraulic pump to provide hydraulic energy into mechanical energy, energy conversion devices.
Characteristics and classification of the hydraulic motor
orfs hydraulic fittingsFrom the point of view of energy conversion, hydraulic pump and hydraulic motor is reversible hydraulic components of the working fluid to a hydraulic pump input, can make it into a hydraulic motor operating conditions; the contrary, when the main axis of the hydraulic motor from the outside rotation of the torque drive, they can become the hydraulic pump operating conditions. Because they have the same basic structural elements - closed and you can cycle change of the volume and corresponding with the oil bodies. However, due to different working conditions of the hydraulic motors and pumps on their performance requirements are not the same, so the same types of hydraulic motors and pumps, there are still many differences. The first hydraulic motor shall be capable of positive inversion, and therefore requires that its internal structure symmetry; hydraulic motor speed range is large enough, in particular, to its lowest stable speed have certain requirements. Therefore, it is usually used rolling bearings or hydrostatic slide bearings; followed by the hydraulic motor to work in the oil under the conditions of the input pressure, and thus do not have to have the ability to self-absorption, but requires a certain amount of initial sealing, in order to provide the necessary starting torque. Because of these differences, hydraulic motors and pumps in the structure is quite similar, but not reversible. The hydraulic motor according to the type of knot plum points can be divided into gear, vane, piston, and other types. Divided into high and low speed two categories according to the hydraulic motor rated speed. The rated speed is higher than the the 500r/min belonging to high-speed hydraulic motor, a low-speed hydraulic motor rated speed less than 500r/min. The basic types of high-speed hydraulic motor gear, screw, vane and axial piston. Their main characteristics are high speed, moment of inert ia of a small, easy to start and brake adjustment (speed and change direction) with high sensitivity. Usually little high-speed hydraulic motor output torque is also known as high-speed torque hydraulic motor. The basic types of low-speed hydraulic motor is a radial piston, in addition to low structure type axial piston, vane and gear, low speed hydraulic motor main features of the displacement of large, bulky, low speed (sometimes per minute a few turn even a few tenths of turn), can be directly connected and working bodies do not need to slow down the device, so that the drive mechanism greatly simplified, usually low-speed hydraulic motor output torque is larger, also known as a low speed high torque hydraulic motors.
The working principle of the hydraulic motor
hydraulic nutA vane type hydraulic motor due to the role of pressure oil, the uneven so that the rotor to produce torque. Vane type hydraulic motor output torque and the displacement of the hydraulic motor and hydraulic motor in and out of the pressure difference between the port related to the speed determined by the size of input flow of the hydraulic motor to. The hydraulic motors generally require rotating, the blades of the vane type hydraulic motor radial placed. In order to make the blade root to always pass the oil pressure in the back, one-way valve should be set on the path of the blade root pressure oil chamber Walter, in order to ensure that the vane type hydraulic motor in the pressure oil Walter normal start, the top of the leaves and stator surface in close contact to ensure a good seal, so the blade root to set the preload spring. Vane type hydraulic motor, small size, small moment of inertia, quick action, be applied for to a higher frequency of occasions, but the leak was slow work instability. Vane type hydraulic motors are generally used for high speed, the torque is small and the action requi res a sensitive occasion. 2, radial piston hydraulic motor radial piston hydraulic motor works with oil axis window fixed oil pressure into the bottom of the cylinder body of the plunger, the plunger protruding, tightly to withstand the inside wall of the stator, due to an eccentricity of the stator and the cylinder. Contact with the plunger and the stator at the stator reaction force on the plunger. The force can be decomposed, and two contribute. When acting on the plunger at the bottom of the oil pressure p, the plunger diameter d, the force and the angle between the for the X, force produces a torque on the cylinder, so that the cylinder rotation. Cylinder and then out through the end to connect the drive shaft torque and the speed. A plunger torque above analysis, several plunger in the role of the oil pressure zone, the torque generated by the plunger on the cylinder rotation, and the output torque. Used for low speed high torque radial piston hydraulic motor. 3 axial piston motors and axial piston pump in addition to valve type flow, other forms of in principle can be used as a hydraulic motor, axial piston pumps and axial piston motors are reversible. Axial piston motor works, oil pan and the swash plate fixed to the motor shaft and the cylinder is connected with the rotation. When pressure oil through the oil pan with the window into the cylinder plunger hole, the plunger, the pressure on oil under extended close to the swash plate swash plate plunger to produce a normal reaction p, this force can be decomposed into The axial component and the vertical component Q. Q and the phase equilibrium of fluid pressure on the plunger, and Q is the plunger creates a torque on the cylinder center, driven by the motor shaft counterclockwise rotation. Instantaneous torque generated by the axial piston motor is pulsating. If you change the motor oil pressure input direction, the motor shaft is rotated in a clockwise direction. Swashplate angle is a change, the displacement changes not only affect the motor torque, but also affects its speed and direction. Swash plate angle, the greater the larger the generated torque, lower speed. Gear hydraulic motor gear motor to meet the requirements of the Reversible and equal access to the oil port, with the symmetry in the structure, there is a separate leakage oil port bearing part of the leakage of oil leads to the shell; in order to reduce the start friction torque, the rolling bearing ; more in order to reduce the number of teeth of the torque ripple gear hydraulic motor gear ratio pump. Gear hydraulic motor by a dry sealing, Yung rent less efficient input oil pressure is not too high, you can not have a greater torque. And the instantaneous speed and torque change with the change of the location of the mesh points, so gear hydraulic motor is only suitable for the occasion for high-speed torque. Low torque uniformity usually dry construction machinery, agricultural machinery, and machinery and equipment.
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